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THOUSAND NOTE
10 literary references to use in writing the Enem
See how to make your text richer and increase your chances of getting full marks with the right citations
Published on October 28, 2024 at 1:00 pm
Preparing for the Enem essay requires mastery of the textual structure and a solid sociocultural repertoire Credit: Image: Drazen Zigic | Shutterstock
The National High School Exam (Enem) takes place on the 3rd and 10th of November. With less than a month to take the tests, students across the country intensify their studies and prepare, mainly, for the essay, one of the fundamental steps to guarantee a good score.
In this final stretch, Heloisa Guimarães Pereira, teacher on the Redação Nota 1000 platform (platform for practicing and correcting essays), recommends that college students invest in their cultural repertoire, practicing writing and including references in the text. “Reading and discussing works in groups can also enrich understanding and better prepare the student. Furthermore, it cannot be ruled out that clarity and coherence are essential for good writing”, he adds.
Errors that reduce your writing score
According to the teacher, common errors in relation to citations, which lead to a penalty of 40 or 80 points on the Enem, include the lack of connection between the reference and the topic and the use of very generic phrases or those whose relationship with the Brazilian reality is not well built.
Therefore, it is important that the work chosen as a reference has elements that dialogue with the writing’s proposal. It is not enough to just “memorize” generic quotes and write them to achieve the maximum score in Competency II, which assesses the candidate’s ability to understand the writing proposal and apply concepts from various areas of knowledge to develop the topic. The student must also consider the popularity of the work and the depth of its discussions.
Works recognized for their cultural impact or that address universal themes are always good choices, according to the teacher. However, the candidate must not forget that familiarization with the context of the work is essential for presenting a richer analysis.
Enem’s writing could be richer with some references Credit: Image: GalacticDreamer | Shutterstock
Reference tips to enrich your text
To help students who will take the Enem 2024 test, Heloisa Guimarães Pereira brings the 10 most used repertoires in texts similar to the test, identified through data analysis in a sample of 31,680 essays produced on the Redação Nota 1000 platform. Check it out!
- The Brazilian Constitution of 1988, especially article 5, which establishes individual and collective rights, guaranteeing Brazilians and foreigners residing in the country the inviolability of some rights: Life, Freedom, Equality, Security, Property;
- The work “Liquid Modernity”, by Zygmunt Bauman, which concerns a new era in which social, economic and production relations are fragile, fleeting and malleable, like liquids. The concept is opposed to solid modernity, when relationships were solidly established, stronger and more lasting;
- The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, a non-legal base document that outlines the universal protection of basic human rights, adopted by the United Nations (UN);
- The work “Utopia”, by Thomas More, one of the main philosophers of the 16th century, which describes a society organized differently from the society in which he lived at the time;
- The concepts of “Cultural Capital” and “Symbolic Violence”, by sociologist Pierre Bourdieu;
- The work “The Banality of Evil”, by Hannah Arendt. The expression refers to a state of social normosis in which people do not question collective actions and do not seek to understand the extent of individual acts;
- The poem “No midway”, by Carlos Drummond de Andrade;
- The concept of “surplus value”, created by Karl Marx;
- The concept of “social alienation”, also created by Karl Marx;
- The statement that “man is man’s wolf”, by Thomas Hobbes, indicating that the human being is his enemy.
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